Photographic apparatus.



No. 852,476. PATBNTED MAY v, 1907.

' W. VERBBGK.

PHOTOGRAPHIO APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

AMA-W JAWAAW PATENTED MAY 7, 1907.

W. VERBECK.

PHOTOGRAPHIG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

WITNESSES Y7 NTOE,

-WILLIAM VERBEOK, MANLlUS, NEW

PHOTOGHAPl-HG APPiM- llii'lli h Specification of Letters Fatent.

Patented may 7, 1596?.

Application filed May 8, 1904. Serial No. 206,106.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM Vannnox, of Manlius, in the county of Onondaga, int-he State ofNew York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Photographic Apparatus, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in photographic apparatus and refers more particularly to a binocular camera in which the two lenses are focalized on the same object from points spaced apart a distance suhstantially equal to the separation of the normal lines of vision of the two eyes so as to roduce two similar pictures of the same obyect, which when superimposed one upon the other, gives a stereoscopic eflect to the picture.

I am; aware that b1nocular cameras have been employed for producing two similar pictures of the same object in a single exposure and for the same purpose as above described, but these ictures are taken in the same order upon tie sensitized surfaces of the camera, that is-corres onding sides of the picture are similar or all e and when the prints are: made from the negatives and placed in a stereoscope it is necessary to arrange them in the same order.

My object is to produce a binocular camera in which two reverse pictures may be taken in a single exposure so that reverse prints similar to that set forth in the drawings of my ending application No. 201,051, filed Apri 1st., 1904, may be made directly from the negatives and placed in the same reverse order at op osite sides of one end of the mirror in the qtereoscopic apparatus shown in my pending ap lication above referred to whereby the re ected picture is visually reversed upon the other picture.

Another object is to provide means where- 'by the distance between the lenses and the photographic plates may be simultaneously varied or adjusted to enlarge or diminish the size of the pictures and still maintain the equality in the comparative size of each to the other. These reverse. pictures may be taken simultaneousl by several forms of apparatus, and in the 'rawings Figure 1 shows one form of binocular camera for this ur 'ose in which two single cameras are yo e together and are provided with, means for eifecting the adjustment of the photographic lates toward and from their lenses, one o the cameras being provided with a prism or mirror in front of its lens whereby the rays of light from the object are reversed upon its sensitized plate, each of the individual cameras being equipped with a pair of lenses in this instance. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, in which a mirror is interposed between the sensitized. plateand lenses of one of the cameras for producing a reverse picture upon the sensitized plate. Fi 3 is a sectional View of a modifled form of binocular camera in which both sensitized plates and their lenses are inclosed in the same case with a mirror interposed between the lens and plate at one side and those at the other side to reverse one of the pictures. Fig l is a sectional view of a further modified form of binocular camera in "which a roll of sensitized film is used to re ceive the photographic pictures, otherwise this camera is similar to that in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of the pinion and a portion of the spindle upon which it is slidable.

The photographicapparatus seen in Fig. 1 consists of two bellows cameras 1- and2 which are disposed at substantially right angles to each other so that the optical axes of their lenses and also their sensitized plates are each disposed at right angles to the other. These cameras l* and -2 are each provided with a pair of converging lenses, shown in dotted lines at -3 and. 4 which are mounted in their respective heads orthe front ends of the cameras in the usual manner, and it is therefore, believed to be unnecessary to further illustrate or describe these lenses or the manner of mounting the same, as the number of lenses or the method of mounting them forms no part of my present invention, except in so far as they are used to concentrate the rays of light upon the sensitized plates in the rear of the cameras.

The camera 1 does not differ materially from any well known bellows camera, but the camera 2 is provided with a reflector 5 which in this instance-isdocated in front of the front lens -3 in a plane intersecting the focal axis of said lens and at an angle of substantially 45 degrees. This mirror is shown as mounted on a suitable sup-' port 6 having an opening -7 through which a pencil -8.-- of light from the o ject may pass to the reflector --5 from which the rays of light are deflected through the lenses -3 and 4- and onto t e photographic plate 9, shown .by dotted lines in the rear of the camera 2 Asirnilar pencil of light 8 passes directly through the lenses -3- and 4t of the camera l onto a sensitized plate 9. These cameras are arranged relative to each other so that the axes of the pencils 8 and 8 are spaced apart a distance substan tially equal to the lines of vision of the two eyes, or in the neighborhood of two and onehalf to three inches, and at the same time the distances from object to the lenses 3 measured on the axes of the pencils of light are substantially equal in order to produce the same eilect on each photographic plate J and 9-. These cameras 1 and -2, as before stated, are or" bellows type, and are, therefore, expansible or adjustable to vary the distance between the sensitized plate and lens so that the plate may be properly focused, and in using these two cameras as a binocular camera, it is important that the adjustment of both cameras be simultaneous and equal. in order to effect. this equal and simultaneous adjustment, 1 provideeach plate holder with a pair of forwardly projecting toothed raclrs l(l, those of one pair of the camera l meshing with the pinions 1l on the rotary spindle -l2 while the racks l@ of the other camera 2- mesh with suitable pinions 13* on spindle which is dis- 1 J" L I I I L3 posed at substantially right angles to the shaft or spindle l2 and these two spindies are provided with intermeshing gears 55- so that when one of the spindles is roaed similar motion is transmitted to the other spindle, and therefore, the plate holders l and 9 may be moved back and orth simultaneously a uniform distance the Lion 15 bein normally secured to its spinle 12 by a set-screw a. @ne of the les, as 12 is provided with a handby which said spindle is rotated,

no pinion 15 is slidable ther on alter loosening its set screw a to permit one of the cameras to be moved bodily toward and away from the other camera when it isdesired to change the space between the axes of the pencils of light -8- and 8 for the pur' ose of obtaining a picture in n1agnilied relief. .lt will also be observed that l have described the reflector 5-- as a mirror, but a prism may in some instances be preferred to the mirror, and in fact I contemplate using a prism in front of the lens of the camera 2 for the purpose of reflecting the light so as to produce a reverse picture on the sensitized plate 9.

In Fig. 2 of thedrawings, have shown a binocular camera consisting of two single cameras and 2l having the focal axes of ther lenses parallel, but their sensitized plates disposed at substantially right angles to each other, and this instance, ll employ mirror 22' which is located in the front part of the camera 2 l at an angle at sub-- stantially 45 degrees with and intersecting the focal axis of the lens. This mirror is placed between the lens and photographic plate, as 23 of the camera 21- in such position as to reflect the rays of light (after they have passed through the lenses) upon the sensitized plate -23, but in a reverse order from the picture which is talren upon the plate, as 24* of the camera 20. The optical axes of the lenses in this binocular camera are spaced apart the same distance as those seen in Fig. l, and in both of these apparatus each camera is provided with shutters both of which are operated from the same source, as for instancethrongh the medium. of the bulbs A and B-*. These shutters, however, and their operating mechanisms form no part of my present invention, and therefore, it is unnecessary to further illustrate or describe the same.

The binocular camera seen in Fig. 3 comprises two lenses and 3l and sensitized plates 32 and 38 which latter are mounted in a suitable casing 3 in this case is also mounted a mirror in this camera the focal ax s of the lenses are also parallel and the plate 33 is arranged at substantially. right angles to the local axis of the lens 3l, but the plate 32 is disposed at an acute angle with the axis of the lens 30- while the mirror 35 is also disposed en angle with and intersects the focal axis of the lens -30 for reflecting the rays of light passing through this lens onto the plate in such manner as to produce a picture reverse from that talren upon the plate 33. The exact angle or angles of the mirror 35 plate 32 with re l' erence to the -focal oi the lens 30- is immaterial, the only requirement being that the mirror should be of suiiicient area and disposed in such a position as to reflect the rays from the object in the reverse order upon the sensitized plate -32 The binocular camera seen in quite similar to that seen in 3, being arranged substantially the same, in this instance preferably employ a strip of sensitized film l0 which may be wound upon suitable rollers ll and 4l2 within an inclosing case in this device one'portion, as of the film strip is disposed at substantially right angles to the focal axis of one of the lenses, as '4l5, and upon which one of the pictures is taken while another part of the film, as 47*, is dis osed at an angle with the o tical axis of itsl through the latter lens are reflected by a mirror l9 onto the sensitized portion of the strip of film, the mirror being located in such manner as to produce upon the part -a7 a picture of the same object,

ens, as 8, and the rays oi i ht passing but in reverse order from that produced upon the art 44.

I ave now described four different forms of binocular cameras for producing reverse pictures, which is the broad object of my invention, and while neither of these cameras are shown in very much detail, the salient feature of combining the reflector with the lens and sensitized plate of one side of the camera is believed to be clearly brought out. In factit is quite suflicient to state that the invention consists essentially in providing two cameras, one of which is equip ed with a reflector so disposed as to reflect the rays of light upon one plate in a reverse order from those reflected u on the other plate.

Having thus escribed my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a photographic apparatus containing, I two sensitized surfaces, separate devices for converging the rays of light from the object onto each surface in the same exposure, one device being movable with reference to the other device to vary the distance between the axes of the pencils of light from the object in combination with means to reverse and project the rays of light onto one of said surfaces. 2. A binocular camera having .one of its lenses adjustable to vary the distance between the axes of the pencils of light from the object in combination with means to reverse and project the rays of light passing through one of the lenses.

3. A binocular camera having the optical axes of the lenses disposed at an angle with each other, and means to adjust the distance between the lenses and their sensitized surfaces simultaneously in combination with means to reverse and project the rays of light 40 passing through one of the lenses.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 27th day of April 1904.

WILLIAM VERBEOK.

Witnesses:

H. E. CHAS MILDRED M; NoTT. 

